The QDRO process starts with your separation agreement – the language in that agreement serves as the roadmap for preparing your QDRO. We thoroughly review your separation agreement terms to understand exactly what was assigned and identify any supplemental documents needed, such as recent account statements or plan documents. Clear, comprehensive separation agreement language is essential for smooth QDRO implementation.
We prepare the initial QDRO draft, which typically goes to the plan administrator for review. This pre-approval step is considered best practice, though it's not available with all plan types. The plan administrator will either approve the draft or request revisions for additional clarity.
We send the approved draft to both spouses and their attorneys for final review. This ensures everyone agrees with the QDRO provisions before court submission, and we address any remaining questions.
Once finalized, the QDRO is submitted to the court for the judge's signature. This step is most often handled by your attorney. We can provide the required motion to approve documentation for a separate fee if needed. We highly recommend having all documentation reviewed by counsel before filing.
The court-approved QDRO is submitted to the plan administrator for processing. The plan will divide 401(k) accounts according to the QDRO terms or place pension QDROs on file for future benefit distribution, and will typically contact both parties to confirm receipt. We can assist with completing any distribution forms you may receive from the plan administrator.
Your divorce decree describes which accounts will be divided and how much will be transferred. The QDRO translates those instructions into the specific legal language and format that retirement plan administrators require to actually process the division.
Preparing the QDRO requires a deeper knowledge of retirement plan law (ERISA and State Laws for example) and comes with liability risk. The best attorneys refer the QDRO out to experts to assure that the documents are prepared properly. A Certified QDRO Specialist is a good place to start.
Not necessarily. While each employer's retirement plan requires its own QDRO, we can often use "offsetting" to minimize the number of QDROs needed. For example, if one spouse has a $100,000 401(k) and the other has a $60,000 401(k), instead of preparing two QDROs to split each account 50/50, we could prepare just one QDRO to transfer $20,000 from the larger account to the spouse with the smaller account. This leaves each spouse with $80,000 total. Offsetting can save time and money while achieving the same financial result. We'll analyze your specific situation to recommend the most efficient approach.
No, IRAs don't legally require QDROs. However, many IRA custodians now request QDRO-like documentation to process account divisions, even though it's not legally required. We recommend checking with your IRA custodian early in the divorce process to understand their specific requirements.
You can start the process as soon as the asset-division terms of your divorce are finalized. The QDRO process itself can take many weeks, so starting early puts you ahead of that schedule. Additionally, once a plan administrator receives a draft DRO to review, they place a temporary administrative hold on the account (401k accounts), preventing withdrawals and loans while the QDRO is pending.
The range from draft to final implementation is generally between 3-12 weeks. We prepare the draft within 1-3 days after receiving all necessary information, but timing can vary significantly depending on the plan administrator. Some plans provide instant feedback while state retirement boards may take 2 months to review. See our 5-step process for a detailed timeline breakdown.
Yes, this is when most begin the process. It should be started as soon as the divorce is final.
We prepare for a flat fee of $750 per QDRO.
This depends on the agreement made. In most cases, it is shared, but the divorce agreement can assign the cost to one or the other spouse.
No, you typically don't need to appear in court for your QDRO. Once we've prepared your QDRO and received pre-approval from the plan administrator, the document needs to be submitted to the court for the judge's signature. This can be handled by your attorney, by you individually, or simply mailed to the court - it's typically just a paperwork submission, not a hearing. For a detailed overview of this step and the entire process, see our 5-step QDRO process.
In that instance, you would work through your attorney to file a complaint. In some instances, the Court will accept the QDRO with one signature (but check with your attorney).
No, it's not too late, and you should start the QDRO process immediately. However, be aware that waiting can create additional complications - account balances may have changed significantly, plans may have been modified, and in some cases, accounts may have been moved or closed. The sooner you begin, the better, as delays can make the process more complex and potentially impact the value of your awarded benefits.